3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS AND DISPOSITIONS

RUSSIAN MDI, COATINGS AND SYSTEMS ACQUISITION

        On July 3, 2012, we completed our acquisition of the remaining 55% ownership interest in International Polyurethane Investments B.V. This company's wholly owned subsidiary, Huntsman NMG ZAO, is a leading supplier of polyurethane systems to the adhesives, coatings and footwear markets in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus and is headquartered in Obninsk, Russia. The acquisition cost was approximately €13 million (approximately $16 million). The acquired business was integrated into our Polyurethanes segment. Transaction costs charged to expense related to this acquisition were not significant. The fair value of our existing 45% ownership interest immediately prior to the acquisition was $13 million, valued by applying the income approach. Key assumptions include a discount rate of 17% and a terminal growth rate of 4%. In connection with this transaction, we recorded a noncash pretax loss of approximately $4 million in other operating (income) expense on the consolidation of this investment. The long-term debt of approximately $7 million that was assumed as part of this transaction was repaid shortly after the acquisition date.

        We have accounted for the Russian Systems House Acquisition using the acquisition method. As such, we analyzed the fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The preliminary allocation of acquisition cost to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is summarized as follows (dollars in millions):

        The acquisition cost allocation is preliminary pending final determination of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including final valuation of working capital, property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and the determination of related deferred taxes. For purposes of this preliminary allocation of fair value, we have assigned any excess of the acquisition cost over historical carrying values to property, plant and equipment and no amounts have been allocated to goodwill. It is possible that changes to this preliminary allocation could occur.

        International Polyurethane Investments B.V. had revenues and earnings of $28 million and $1 million, respectively, for the period from the date of acquisition to December 31, 2012. If this acquisition were to have occurred on January 1, 2010, there would have been no significant impact from the approximate pro forma combined earnings attributable to our Company for 2010, 2011 and 2012. The following estimated pro forma revenues attributable to our Company would have been reported (dollars in millions):

EMA ACQUISITION

        On December 30, 2011, we completed the acquisition of EMA Kimya Sistemleri Sanayive Ticaret A.S. (the "EMA Acquisition"), an MDI-based polyurethanes systems house in Istanbul, Turkey for approximately $11 million, net of cash acquired and including the repayment of assumed debt. The acquired business was integrated into our Polyurethanes segment. We have accounted for the EMA Acquisition using the acquisition method, and transaction costs charged to expense associated with this acquisition were not significant. We recorded goodwill of approximately $9 million in conjunction with this acquisition. Net sales for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 related to the business acquired were approximately $23 million and $17 million, respectively, and net loss associated with this business was $3 million and nil, respectively, for the same periods.

SALE OF STEREOLITHOGRAPHY RESIN AND DIGITALIS® MACHINE MANUFACTURING BUSINESSES

        On November 1, 2011, our Advanced Materials division completed the sale of its stereolithography resin and Digitalis® machine manufacturing businesses to 3D Systems Corporation for $41 million in cash. The stereolithography business had revenues of approximately $7 million in 2010 and its products are used primarily in three-dimensional part building systems. The Digitalis® business is a stereolithography rapid manufacturing system that we were developing. In connection with this sale, we recognized a pre-tax gain in the fourth quarter of 2011 of $34 million which was reflected in other operating income on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). We also derecognized $2 million of goodwill that was allocated to these businesses.

LAFFANS ACQUISITION

        On April 2, 2011, we completed the acquisition of the chemical business of Laffans Petrochemicals Limited, an amines and surfactants manufacturer located in Ankleshwar, India at an acquisition cost of approximately $23 million. The acquired business was integrated into our Performance Products segment. Transaction costs charged to expense related to this acquisition were not significant.

        We have accounted for the Laffans Acquisition using the acquisition method. As such, we analyzed the fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The allocation of acquisition cost to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is summarized as follows (dollars in millions):

        If this acquisition were to have occurred on January 1, 2010 the following estimated pro forma revenues and net income attributable to Huntsman International would have been reported (dollars in millions):

TEXTILE EFFECTS ACQUISITION

        On June 30, 2006, we acquired Ciba's textile effects business and accounted for the Textile Effects Acquisition using the purchase method. As such, we analyzed the fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed and determined the excess of fair value of net assets over cost. Because the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities assumed exceeded the purchase price, the value of the long-lived assets acquired was reduced to zero. Accordingly, no basis was assigned to property, plant and equipment or any other non-current nonfinancial assets and the remaining excess was recorded as an extraordinary gain. During 2012, 2011 and 2010, we recorded an additional extraordinary gain (loss) on the acquisition of $2 million, $4 million and $(1) million, respectively, related to settlement of contingent purchase price consideration, the reversal of accruals for certain restructuring and employee termination costs recorded in connection with the Textile Effects Acquisition and a reimbursement by Ciba of certain costs pursuant to the acquisition agreements.